对模压成型应用的夹层玻璃毛胚是有规定的：

①压型板前毛胚的表层一定要维持十分光洁和清理；
②呈适度的几何图形样子；
③有一定的必须的容积。毛胚一般都采用球型、饼形形或曲面样子，选用冷碾磨成形或压合成形。
模具材料必须具有以下特点：
①表层无疵病，可以碾磨成无出气孔、光洁的电子光学镜面玻璃；
②在高温自然环境标准下具备很高的耐空气氧化特性，并且构造等不产生变化，工艺性能平稳，面型精密度和光滑度维持不会改变；
③不与夹层玻璃起反映、产生黏连状况，出模特性好；

④在高温标准下具备很高的强度和抗压强度等。

如今现有许多 相关开发设计模具材料的专利权，最有象征性的模具材料是：以超硬铝合金做基材，表层镀有贵重金属铝合金和氮化钛等塑胶薄膜；以碳碳复合材料和超硬铝合金做基材，表层镀有硬质的碳、金钢石状碳等碳系塑胶薄膜；及其Cr2O-ZrO2-TiO2系新式瓷器。

夹层玻璃镜片压型板用的模具材料，一般全是硬脆原材料，要想把这种模具材料精密机械加工成磨具，必不可少应用高刚度的、萤幕解析度能做到0.01μm下列的高图元超高精密电子电脑电脑控制生产加工数控车床，用金钢石磨轮开展切削生产加工。切削生产加工可得到 所盼望的样子精密度，但随后还需再稍稍打磨抛光深度加工成电子光学镜面玻璃才行。在开展高精密的非球面生产加工中，非球面面型的检测与点评技术性是十分关键的。对小型镜片压型板用模的生产加工，规定更为严苛，必不可少进一步提高精密度和缓解切削的印痕。

Requirements for Glass Blanks Used in Precision Molding
1. Surface Cleanliness:
The surface of the blank must be exceptionally smooth and clean before molding.
2. Geometric Shape:
The blank must have an appropriate geometric shape.
3. Volume:
The blank must have the necessary volume for the molding process.
Blanks are typically spherical, disk-shaped, or curved and are produced through cold grinding or pressing methods.
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Characteristics Required for Mold Materials
1. Surface Perfection:
The mold surface must be free of defects and capable of being polished to achieve a pore-free, smooth optical mirror finish.
2. High Temperature Stability:
The material must exhibit excellent resistance to oxidation in high-temperature environments, with stable structural and processing properties. Surface precision and smoothness should remain unaffected under these conditions.
3. Non-Reactive with Glass:
The mold material must not react with the glass or cause adhesion. It should facilitate easy demolding.
4. Strength and Hardness:
The material must possess high strength and hardness to withstand high temperatures and pressure conditions.

These requirements ensure the production of high-quality optical components with precision and durability.

Currently, there are numerous patents related to the development of mold materials for precision molding. The most representative mold materials include:
1. Super-Hard Aluminum Alloys:
o Used as a base material.
o Coated with precious metal alloys and titanium nitride thin films.
2. Carbon-Based Composite Materials:
o Super-hard aluminum alloys and carbon-carbon composites serve as the base materials.
o Coated with hard carbon or diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films.
3. New Ceramic Materials:
o Compositions such as Cr₂O₃-ZrO₂-TiO₂ are employed as innovative ceramic materials for molds.
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Mold Material Requirements for Glass Lens Precision Molding
Mold materials for precision molding of glass lenses are typically hard and brittle. To achieve high precision in manufacturing these molds, the following technologies and equipment are essential:
1. High-Stiffness CNC Machines:
o Ultra-high-precision computer-controlled CNC lathes are required.
o These machines must achieve resolutions below 0.01 μm to process the desired shape accurately.
2. Diamond Grinding Wheels:
o Cutting processes use diamond grinding wheels to achieve the required shape precision.
3. Polishing for Optical Mirror Finish:
o After cutting, the molds must be finely polished to achieve an optical mirror finish suitable for lens production.
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Challenges in Aspheric Surface Processing
1. Testing and Evaluation of Aspheric Shapes:
o Aspheric surface measurement and evaluation techniques are critical in achieving precise mold shapes.
2. High Precision for Small Lens Molds:
o Manufacturing molds for small lenses requires even stricter precision standards.
o Cutting marks must be minimized, and the processing accuracy further improved.
These advanced materials and processing techniques ensure the production of molds capable of meeting the stringent requirements of precision molding for optical glass lenses.